Rates from Punctured Lines and Vessels

Discharge Rates from Punctured Lines and Vessels. 26-84... 

Assume a continuous release of pressurized, hquefied cyclohexane with a vapor emission rate of 130 g moLs, 3.18 mVs at 25°C (86,644 Ib/h). (See Discharge Rates from Punctured Lines and Vessels in this sec tion for release rates of vapor.) The LFL of cyclohexane is 1.3 percent by vol., and so the maximum distance to the LFL for a wind speed of 1 iti/s (2.2 mi/h) is 260 m (853 ft), from Fig. 26-31. Thus, from Eq. (26-48), Vj 529 m 1817 kg. The volume of fuel from the LFL up to 100 percent at the moment of ignition for a continuous emission is not equal to the total quantity of vapor released that Vr volume stays the same even if the emission lasts for an extended period with the same values of meteorological variables, e.g., wind speed. For instance, in this case 9825 kg (21,661 lb) will havebeen emitted during a 15-min period, which is considerablv more than the 1817 kg (4005 lb) of cyclohexane in the vapor cloud above LFL. (A different approach is required for an instantaneous release, i.e., when a vapor cloud is explosively dispersed.) The equivalent weight of TNT may be estimated by... 

Develop an appropriate source model to calculate the release rate or total quantity released based on the specified scenario (see Discharge Rates from Punctured Lines and Vessels). 

DISCHARGE RATES FROM PUNCTURED LINES AND VESSELS... 

This method has been extended to inclined pipe discharge [Leung and Epstein, The Discharge of Two-Phase Flashing Flow from an Inclined Duct, Trans. ASME J. Heat Transfer 112 (May), pp. 524-528, 1990], which together with some useful design charts is presented in the earlier subsection "Discharge Rates from Punctured Lines and Vessels. ... 

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