Rapidly-rotating systems

We call the second category of theoretical tools for dealing with rapidly rotating systems the spin-dynamics methods . The models within this category will he reviewed in Section VI. 

It is often helpful to categorize spin systems in terms of the chemical and magnetic equivalence of coupled protons. Protons are chemically equivalent if they have the same chemical environment and dius the same chemical shift. Chemical equivalence can result from eidier identical environments or rapid rotations which yield an average environment for a group of protons. Considering toluene, it... 

Luna TD, French J, Mitcha JL, Neville KJ. Forward rapid rotation shiftwork in USAF air traffic controllers sleep, activity, fatigue and mood analyses. Interim report AL/CF-TR-1994-0156, Armstrong Laboratory, Crews Systems Directorate, Brooks Air Force Base, TX 78235-5104. 

Hz). Furthermore, suppose there is rapid interconversion between these two conformations and that the observed value of VHH is 7 Hz (a typical value in freely rotating systems). Calculate the average fraction of the population in each conformation. 

The orbits of double stars, where the sizes of the orbits have been determined, provide the only information we have about the masses of stars other than the Sun. Close doublestars will become decidedly non-spherical because of tidal distortion and/or rapid rotation, which produces effects analogous to those described above for close artificial planetary satellites. Also, such stars often have gas streaming from their tidal and equatorial bulges, which can transfer mass from one star to the other, or can even eject it completely out of the system. Such effects are suspected to be present in close doublestars where their period of revolution is found to be changing. 

We now consider adiabatic channel potentials. As indicated in the introduction, for this system with rapid rotation of the collision axis R, we develop here the Axially Nonadiabatic version of the SACM [Ig]. In order to take into account the quantum character of the also rapid radial motion we plan to provide a generalisation of the approach 110] developed for low-energy capture in systems with isotropic interaction. For open-shell systems, this SACM version is based on the diabatic matrix representation of the roronic Hamiltonian supplemented by the S-S FS interaction (see e.g. [11]). Thus the total Hamiltonian reads ... 

If an axially positioned stirrer is operated in a vessel without inserts, the liquid is set in rotation and a vortex is produced. In the case of rapidly rotating stirrers and low viscosity liquids, the vortex can reach the stiner head with the result that the stirrer entrains the gas in the liquid (see section 1.4.5.2). This is generally undesirable because it results in an extraordinarily high mechanical stress on the stirrer shaff, bearings and seal, due to the absence of the liquid bearing . This often leads to the destruction of the stirrer. Even when the vortex formation causes no gas entrainment, rotation of the liquid is always undesirable if a two-phase system with different densities is concerned, since the centrifugal force counteracts the stirring process. 

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