Rap-GTPase

Weissman JT, Ma JN, Essex A, Gao Y, Burstein ES (2004) G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated activation of rap GTPases characterization of a novel Galphai regulated pathway. Oncogene 23 241-249 Willard FS, Kimple RJ, Siderovski DP (2004) Return of the GDI the GoLoco motif in cell division. Annu Rev Biochem 73 925-951... 

Freeman SA, Lein V, Dang-Lawson M, Mizuno K, Roskelley CD, Gold MR. Cofilin-mediated F-actin severing is regulated by the Rap GTPase and controls the cytoskeletal dynamics that drive lymphocyte spreading and BCR microcluster formation. J Immunol. 2011 187 5887-900. 

The Rap (Ras proximate) proteins, Rapla and Raplb, and Rap2a/b/c, belong to the Ras subfamily of small GTPases, sharing 50% sequence similarity with Ras [22]. Rap proteins function primarily in cell adhesion and migration, and polarity [23,24]. Rapla (CAAX = CLLL) is 95%... 

BENCKB-MAR n K, LAFETINA EG. Epinef irine suppresses rap IB. GAP-activated GTPase activity in human platelets. Pnc Natl Acad Sd USA 89 2784-2788,1992. 

Rab [87], and Rap [84], For example, statins induce apoptosis at concentrations that suppress the prenylation of Rap la (a 21 kDa GTPase) [84], and Itagaki et al. have shown that this process is accompanied by the redistribution of small G proteins in myoblasts [88], It remains unclear, however, whether the altered prenylation of small G-proteins is necessary and sufficient to produce myopathy in vivo, or whether myocyte apoptosis is first activated by disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis following mitochondrial injury. 

MavromataMs YE, Tomlinson A. The role of the small GTPase Rap in Drosophila R7 photoreceptor specification. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012 109 3844-9. 

Morsi El Kadi A, In Der Rieden P, Durston A, Morgan R, (2002). The small GTPase Rap-1 is an immediate downstream target for Hoxb4 transcriptional regulation. Mech. Dev.113,131-139... 

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