Raoult slaw

For more concentrated solutions Raoult slaw is no longer applicable and the molar fraction Nx of the solvont must be multiplied by the activity coefficient Yn-i thus respecting the deviations from the ideal behavior of solutions ... 

As in Problem 5.8, we need to form VA = - andys = for the Raoult slaw activity coefficients... 

Osmosis, 522 Osmotic pressure (it), 522 Percent by mass, 512 PercHit dissociation, 529 Raoult slaw, 517... 

Fig. 3.27 The variation of the chemical potential of the solvent with the composition of the solution. Note that the chemical potential of the solvent is lower in the mixture than for the pure liquid (for an ideal system). This behavior is likely to be shown by a dilute solution in which the solvent is almost pure (and obeys Raoult slaw).

The physical chemistry of solutions is an extremely complex mathematical subject in which the principles of electrolytic dissociation, diffusion, and thermodynamics play controlling parts. Raoult s law and Henry slaw are also involved. See miscibili-... 

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