Radicals Bromide, Carbonate, etc

In aqueous solution, HO has the potential for reacting with many dissolved substrates, both organic and inorganic. The principal paths for reaction will depend on the concentrations of potentially reactive solutes in the particular water under consideration. Hoigne (1983) has analyzed the situation kinetically for a typical lake water and for seawater. As Table 4.2 indicates, in seawater the principal fate of OH is to react with bromide by electron transfer, producing HO and a bromide atom, Br, which readily combines with another Br to form the bromine radical anion, Br2 . Despite the large excess of Cl in seawater, no evidence exists for a Br-Cl 

In freshwaters, where the Br concentrations are typically far lower, -OH may react either with bicarbonate, carbonate, or dissolved organic matter, depending on the relative concentrations of these species. Reactions with bicarbonate and carbonate produce either the bicarbonate radical, -HCOs, or the carbonate radical anion, COj the pKa of the acid form is about 7.6 (Eriksen et al., 1985). 

In the polluted atmosphere, the principal reactions of HO with inorganic species are its termination reactions with nitrogen oxides to form nitrous and nitric acids  

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