Single wall carbon nanotubes radial breathing modes

Fig. 7.2 Most important Raman lines of single-wall carbon nanotubes as excited with three different laser lines. RBM radial breathing mode, D defect-induced line, G graphitic line, D2 overtone of D-line, G2 overtone of G-line. The thin straight lines indicate the dispersion of the modes. All spectra in one slot were normalized to unit height (Reprinted with permission from Kuzmany H, Plank W, Schaman CH, Pfeifer R, Hasi F, Simon F, Rotas G, Pagona G, Tagmatarchis N (2007) Raman scattering from nanomaterials encapsulated into single-wall carbon nanotubes. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 38 (6) 704—713, John Wiley Sons, Ltd.)...

Chiashi S, Murakami Y, Miyauchi Y, Maruyama S (2008) Temperature dependence of Raman scattering from single-walled carbon nanotubes undefined radial breathing mode peaks at high temperatures. Jpn J Appl Phys 47 2010... 

The imaging of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has become the most frequent application of TERS [23-25]. SWNTs have generated intense interest due to their potential applications in nanotechnology. Four types of Raman mode are usually observed in the TER spectra of SWNT the radial breathing modes (RBM), two graphitic bands (G, G ), and the disordered (D) band. The positions of these bands are vibrational signatures of the state of the SWNT, for example, its defect density, chirality, and so on. 

Kalbac, M, and Kavan, L. (2009) The influence of the resonant electronic transition on the intensity of the Raman radial breathing mode of single walled carbon nanotubes during electrochemical charging. / Phys. Chem. C, 113, 16408-16413. 

Raman spectroscopy of these samples shows the characteristic radial breathing mode (RBM) of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) [10] at 283 and 267 cm together with the D and G bands at both 1592 and 1283 cm (Figure 15.8). On the basis of a general relationship,... 

Figure 15.8 Raman spectrum of Mg/PMF combustion residues under 0.02 MPa argon, indicating the radial breathing mode characteristic for single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs).

RBM (radial breathing mode at -130-300cm" ) represents, in the low-frequency region of the Raman spectra, the radial breathing mode of carbon nanotubes. The peak position of the RBM ( cm ) is related to the single-wall carbon nanotube diameter (d) by the following relation ... 

It has been shown that resonance Raman spectra can give complete structural information on an individual carbon (n, m) single-walled nanotube (SWNT). For example, a radial breathing mode at 156 cm for 785 nm laser excitation is assigned to a (13,10) metallic chiral nanotube on a silicon/Si02 surface. " The Raman spectra of individual carbon SWNTs in solution show radial mode frequencies about 10 cm higher than for tubes in a rope. " " ... 

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