Pyridinium chloroaluminate melt

In an attempt to study the behavior and chemistry of coal in ionic liquids, 1,2-diphenylethane was chosen as a model compound and its reaction in acidic pyri-dinium chloroaluminate(III) melts ([PyHjCl/AlCb was investigated [69]. At 40 °C, 1,2-diphenylethane undergoes a series of alkylation and dealkylation reactions to give a mixture of products. Some of the products are shown in Scheme 5.1-40. Newman also investigated the reactions of 1,2-diphenylethane with acylating agents such as acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride in the pyridinium ionic liquid [70] and with alcohols such as isopropanol [71]. 

The room-temperature chloroaluminate(lll) ionic liquids are the most important members of the first generation of ionic liquids, developed in the second half of the last century The room-temperature halogenoaluminate(III) ionic liquids are extremely sensitive to moisture and must be handled imder an inert atmosphere. Preparation of the halogcno-aluminate(III) ionic liquids is simple a quaternary ammonium (QUAT) halide, e.g. an imidazolium or pyridinium halide, is directly mixed with AICI3 in the ratio necessary to generate the composition required. Upon mixing, an exothermic reaction occurs and the two solids melt into a liquid. The first report on the formation of a room temperature liquid salt, based on the combination of 1-butylpyridinium with AICI3 in the relative molar proportions 1 2 (X =... 

Historically, ionic liquids initial advances in electrochemistry were encouraged by difficulties and safety issues in the aluminum deposition process known as SIGAL (Siemens Galvano-Aluminium). Major concerns were related with the flammability of the aluminum precursors and of the volatile organic solvents used. In the search for low melting, nonvolatile, and nonaqueous electrolytes, pyridinium [25] and imidazolium chloroaluminates (III) were investigated [26]. These ionic liquids are able to dissolve various metal salts. Their biocompatibility is questionable due to their potential toxicity and because they are also corrosive and unstable in air and/or... 

Ionic liquids based on chloroaluminates (the most common form of Lewis acidic or basic ionic liquids) are formed by reacting a quaternary ammonium chloride salt [QAm]" with aluminium chloride (AICI3) in various ratios [94]. Common examples are l-ethyl-3-methyl imidazoUum chloride ([EMIm]Cl) and l-(l-butyl)pyridinium chloride ([BuPy]Cl) [95]. A Lewis base, neutral species or acid is formed by varying the ratio of the two components of the ionic liquid. Using the letter N to represent the mole fraction of AICI3 in the melt [96], the following classification is given for these ionic liquids ... 

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