Pyrazinecarboxylic acids esterification

This chapter includes not only nuclear and extranuclear pyrazinecarboxylic acids and anhydrides, but also the related esters, acyl halides, amides, hydrazides, nitriles, aldehydes, ketones, and any of their thio analogues a few rare isothiocyanatopy-razines and pyrazinecarbonitrile oxides are also included. To avoid repetition, interconversions of these pyrazine derivatives are discussed only at the first opportunity for example, the esterification of carboxylic acids is discussed as a reaction of carboxylic acids rather than as a preparative route to carboxylic esters, simply because the section on carboxylic acids precedes that on carboxylic esters. To minimize any confusion, many cross-references have been inserted. 

Many such esters have been made by primary synthesis (see Chapters 1 and 2), from halogenopyrazines by displacement (see Section 4.2.9), or by esterification of pyrazinecarboxylic acids (see Section 8.1.2). The remaining methods are illustrated in the following examples ... 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , ]

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