Proximal-probe patterning

The alternate method uses the proximity probes and an oscilloscope. A Lissajous figure is established on the oscilloscope. The orbit pattern and the keyphase mark are used to generate a vector. Weights are added or removed and the changes in the orbit are noted. Triangulation is used to anticipate the next move. For more complete information or technique, the reader is referred to a book on the subject by Jackson [ 1 ]. 

In this context of proximal probe induced oxidation it is worthwhile to point out an interesting observation where a high current passing through a metal film leads to its oxidation [67]. This process can be coupled to the SPM-based anodic oxidation to form patterns at the nanometer level. The planar oxidation was carried out with a current density of J 10 A cm. The oxide growth rate was found to vary oc/" where n 4. 

Our initial efforts were directed toward straddling longer molecular wires across lithographically patterned proximal gold-coated probes that were separated by approximately 100 A. Although we tried many experiments over a period of two years, we were never able to record conductances... 

Fig. 7.65 A suggested pattern for spraying helium on a vacuum system when using the tracer-probe technique. The pattern is a compromise between proximity to the leak detector and spraying high before low areas.

All scanning probe microscopes have (1) a mechanism for bringing a sharp probe into close proximity with the sample surface, (2) a mechanism for scanning the probe in a raster pattern, and (3) feedback mechanism for regulating the distance between the sample and probe while scanning. These functions, as well as image acquisition and display, are controlled by a computer and associated electronics. 

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