Balkan nephropathy proteinuria

Hall PW, III, Piscator M, Vasiljevic M, Popovic N. Renal function studies inindividuals with the tubular proteinuria of endemic Balkan nephropathy. Q J Med 1972 41 385-393. 

The most commonly used criteria for the diagnosis of Balkan nephropathy are those proposed by Danilovic et al [99]. They include (1) farmers in the endemic villages, (2) familial history positive for endemic nephropathy, (3) mild proteinuria, (3) low specific gravity of the urine, (4) anemia, early occurrence, normochromic or hypochromic, (5) retention of nitrous compounds in the blood (urea > 50 mg/dl, creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl), (6) symmetrically shrunken kidneys. Using these criteria, Danilovic classified patients into the following groups ... 

The diagnosis of Balkan nephropathy is now established according to epidemiological criteria suggested by Danilovic (criteria 1-3) [99], presence of tubular proteinuria and ruling out other renal diseases. 

Cvoriscec D, Stavijenic A, Radonic M. Relationship between tubular andTamm-Horsfall proteinuria in Balkan endemic nephropathy. Nephron 1998 42 152-155. 

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