Propylene with 1,3,5-trioxane

In heterogeneous polymerizations in bulk, the formed polymer is insoluble in its monomer and the polyreaction is performed below the softening point of the polymer. On an industrial scale, this type of process is especially utilized for chain polymerizations, for example, the radical polymerization of liquid vinyl chloride, the polymerization of liquid propylene with Ziegler-Natta or with metallocene catalysts, and the polymerization of molten trioxane. 

Monographs and reviews of this subject can be found in Refs. 181-185 and 225-227. The most important polymers from cationic ring-opening polymerization are polyoxyalkylenes with one or four CH2 groups produced by the polymerization of trioxane and tetrahydrofuran. The smaller epoxides, ethylene and propylene oxide, though able to polymerize by a cationic and anionic mechanism, are not polymerized cationically, because of the existence of side reactions leading to dioxane or... 

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