Reduced Properties

Scouting and bleaching slightly increase the accessible internal volume, Hquid ammonia treatment of the scoured—bleached cotton decreases it slightly, caustic mercerization substantially enhances accessibiHty, and cross-linking to impart durable press properties reduces this accessible internal pore volume substantially. 

Being an unsatd compd with one double bond, it is markedly subject to oxidn, and when left in air, dries and turns yellow. As this property reduces its usefulness in some applications, methods were developed whereby the reactive double bond was satd with H2. The resulting compd is ... 

Under increasing strain the propint volume increases from the voids created around the unbonded solid particles. Nonlinearities in Young s modulus and Poisson s ratio then occur. Francis (Ref 50) shows this effect for a carboxy-terminated polybutadiene composite propellant with 14% binder as in Figure 12. He concludes that nonlinearities in low-temperature properties reduce the predicted stress and strain values upon cooling a solid motor, and therefore a structural analysis that neglects these effects will be conservative. However, when the predictions are extended to a pressurized fiberglas motor case, the nonlinearities in properties produce greater strains than those predicted with linear analysis... 

Aziridine. Propellants cured with MAPO have excellent processing characteristics and satisfactory uniaxial tensile properties over a wide range of temperatures. However, the problems associated with the aging behavior of these propellants have led to the use of other types of curing systems which do not contain the P—N bond. These latter materials are di- and trifunctional aziridines, such as those shown in Table IV, and provide satisfactory propellants in which the uniaxial tensile properties can be tailored to a desired modulus. Such mixed aziridine-cured systems give satisfactory initial properties, reduce the postcure behavior, and improve the storage characteristics of CTPB propellants. 

Le Poidevin writes that because the thesis of ontological reduction is about properties, we do have to have a clear conception of what is to count as a chemical property. He then takes the identity of an element, as defined by its position in a periodic ordering, and its associated macroscopic properties to be paradigmatically chemical properties. About these properties we can be unapologetic realists. He also claims that a periodic ordering is a classification rather than a theory, so this conception of chemical properties is as theory-neutral as it can be.v He believes that the question of the ontological reduction of chemistry is the question of whether these paradigmatically chemical properties reduce to more fundamental properties. He then adds,... 

Fig. 17.5. This figure shows how requiring a higher fraction of the products to comply (goodness) with the desired product properties reduces the fraction of retained reagent (effectiveness). The initial goodness of the oxazolidine library used here is 18%.

Cyanoacrylate has been used for sealing corneal perforations, but it is not smooth or malleable, and it exhibits a hard tissue-scratching surface and requires the patient to use a soft contact lens for comfort. Another surgical limitation when using cyanoacrylate is the immediate polymerization on a wet or moist corneal surface, and that property reduces the time allocated for and increases the difficulty in applying the glue to a precise location in a well-controlled manner. 

Note The long strand is partially self-complementary (The 36 nt sequence at the 3 -end of the 50mer is self-complementary, Scheme 14.1), and this property reduces the number of ofigos that need to be purchased. However,... 

Stable reaction of the mixtures is possible only with tamping. This property reduces the potential risk that may occur in the event of improper handling or possible misuse. 

Description Acetone and excess phenol are reacted in a BPA synthesis reactor (1), which is packed with a cation-exchange resin catalyst. Higher acetone conversion and selectivity to BPA and long lifetime are characteristic of the catalyst. These properties reduce byproduct formation and catalyst volume. Unreacted acetone, water and some phenol are separated from the reaction mixture by distillations (2-4). Acetone is recycled to the BPA reactor (1) water is efficiently discharged phenol is mixed with feed phenol and purified by distillation (5). The crude-product stream containing BPA, phenol and impurities is transferred to the ciystallizer (6), where ciystalline product is formed and impurities are removed by the mother liquor. Sep-... 

THUNDERBOLT OF JUPITER — The Fire of the Philosophers, which by its dissolving property reduces the imperfect bodies of the Work into a state of solution, and after by its fixing quality converts them into a powder or ash which can suffer nothing further from the assault of the most potent fire. 

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