Projectile fragmentation

There are a few hundred stable nuclei but several thousand nuclei that are radioactive and have experimentally useful lifetimes. Since 1990, one of the fastest growing areas of research in nuclear science has been the study of nuclear reactions induced by radioactive projectiles. Using either ISOL (/sotope Separator On-Line) or PF (Projectile Fragmentation) techniques, several hundred new radioactive nuclear beams have become available (see Chapter 14). 

Class of reactions low-energy fusion and direct reactions (p, xn) target fragmentation (TF) or projectile fragmentation (PF). 

There are projectile fragmentation separators presently operating in France, Germany, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Other similar devices are in the planning stages or are under construction in several laboratories. A comparison of the various parameters that describe these fragment separators is given in Table 14.3. The LISE separator has been operated for more than 15 years and has provided... 

Figure 14.14 Schematic diagram of the A1900, a new projectile fragmentation separator recently constructed at Michigan State University.

In essence, tank fire and explosion caused a domino effect caused primarily by three factors thermal radiation, blast overpressure and projectile fragments. Fire s damage effect on... 

Experimental setup for Mn-implanted Fe Mossbauer spectrometer installed at RIKEN Rl Beam Factory. Mn beam Is produced by the projectile fragment reaction of a primary Fe beam and optimized by RIPS. 

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