Process integration problem table method

Except when sampling directly from the container for labile parameters, preparation methods generally involve between one and four comminution processes and three or four handling processes (e.g. sub-sampling, sieving), each of which has associated problems with respect to protecting the integrity of the sample. Table 3.3 identifies some common preparation processes and problems encountered in the laboratory. 

The development and application of the method can be illustrated by considering the problem of integrating the utilisation of energy between 4 process streams. Two hot streams which require cooling, and two cold streams that have to be heated. The process data for the streams is set out in Table 3.3. Each stream starts from a source temperature Ts, and is to be heated or cooled to a target temperature Tt. The heat capacity of each stream is shown as CP. For streams where the specific heat capacity can be taken as constant, and there is no phase change, CP will be given by ... 

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