Pristine graphene

Although the electrical properties of GO are significantly inferior to pristine graphene, the presence of the functional groups on the flakes can be a considerable advantage when considering composites [6]. 

Guardia, L., et al., High-throughput production of pristine graphene in an aqueous dispersion assisted by non-ionic surfactants. Carbon, 2011. 49(5) p.1653-1662. 

L. Rodriguez-Perez, M.A. Herranz, N. Martin, The chemistry of pristine graphene. Chem. Commun. 49, 3721-3735 (2013)... 

Figure 5.15 (A) Charge-discharge voltage profiles for the N-doped graphene electrode, cycled at a rate of 5 pA/cm between 3.2 and 0.02 V vs Li/Li (B) Variation in discharge capacity vs cycle number for the pristine graphene and N-doped graphene, cycled at a rate of 5 pA/cm between 3.2 and 0.02 V vs Li/Li in 1 M solution of LiPF in 1 1 (v/v) mixture of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate as the electrolyte. Reproduced with permission from [245].

Pristine graphene Micromechanicril cleavage of graphite NOj, NH3, HjO and CO (vacuum) R <1 ppm... 

Fig. 1.17 Resistivity response of pristine graphene monocrystals to 1 ppm concentrations of different reducing and oxidizing gases. Regions (I) response in vacuum before gas exposure, (II) exposure to 1 ppm of gases, (III) gas removed by vacuum, and (IV) gas desorption by annealing at 150 °C (Reprinted with permission from Schedin et al. 2007, Copyright 2007 Nature Publishing Group)...

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