Preparation of nitramines

Nitramines and nitramides arise in various ways depending on the amines and amides subjected to nitration. There are direct and indirect nitration methods. 

Direct nitration with anhydrous nitric acid (98%) can be accomplished most conveniently in the presence of monosubfctituted N-alkylamides. A secondary nitr-amide is then formed  

One of the direct methods of nitrating primary amines is based on this reaction. An amine is acylated to form a primary amide which is in turn nitrated according to reaction (1) and then hydrolysed to release the acyl group. This procedure will be discussed more fully in later chapters. 

Generally, reaction (1) is not successful with non N-substituted, i.e. primary amides, most of which undergo decomposition when nitrated. Primary aliphatic amines also decompose under the action of concentrated nitric acid. 

Similarly, primary aromatic amines undergo complex reactions when heated with nitric acid. The amine derivatives of anthraquinone, pyridine and thiazole are exceptions the amino group in these compounds is decomposed by the nitrating mixture. This was noticed by Scholl [27], who proposed the following method for nitrating / -aminoanthraquinone  

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Before proceeding to describe the manufacture of the nitramines, RDX and Tetryl, a few general remarks about the preparation of nitramines... 

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Other methods of the preparation of nitramines Nitramines as explosives Literature... 

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