Pregnancy improvement, with supplementation

In the mid-twentieth century, pediatric care often began with a newborn examination shortly after birth. As of 2011, pediatric care often begins before conception. Women are advised via media sources or a health care provider to prepare for pregnancy and improve the chances for a healthy infant. This advice includes smoking cessation and supplementing the diet with folic acid, which decreases the incidence of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida. 

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