Practical Aspects of Hafnium Mossbauer Spectroscopy

The parent nuclei of the hafnium Mossbauer isotopes can be produced by the following reactions  

In addition, Coulomb excitation can be used to populate the Mossbauer levels of I77,i78,i80j j [165-167]. The experimental line width using these sources is only slightly larger than the natural line width (e.g., the thickness corrected line width of Hf in a tantalum foil is in good agreement with the natural line width Texp = 1.90 0.07 mm s T at = 1-99 0.04 mm s [168]). 

7 Mossbauer-Active Transition Metals Other than Iron 

---