Power ultrasound device

Since 1945 an increasing understanding of the phenomenon of cavitation has developed coupled with significant developments in electronic circuitry and transducer design (i. e. devices which convert electrical to mechanical signals and vice versa). As a result of this there has been a rapid expansion in the application of power ultrasound to chemical processes, a subject which has become known as Sonochemistry . 

It is often difficult to compare the sonochemical results reported from different laboratories (the reproducibility problem in sonochemistry). The sonochemical power irradiated into the reaction system can be different for different instruments. Several methods are available to estimate the amount of ultrasonic power entered into a sonochemical reaction, the most common being calorimetry. This experiment involves measurement of the initial rate of a temperature rise produced when a system is irradiated by power ultrasound. It has been shown that calorimetric methods combined with the Weissler reaction can be used to standardize the ultrasonic power of individual ultrasonic devices. ... 

Several variations of these are possible, particularly for large-scale operation. Figure 22.1 shows schematic sketches of different types of devices used to generate ultrasound (Berlan and Mason, 1992). By using any of these transducer designs, it is possible to introduce power ultrasound (as it is normally called) into the reacting system. A reaction conducted under the influence of ultrasound is usually represented as... 

Gallego-Juarez, J. A., Riera, E De la Fuente, S Rodriguez-Corral, G., Acosta-Aparicio, V., Blanco, A., 2007. Application of high-power ultrasound for dehydration of vegetables Processes and devices. Drying Technol. 25 1893-1901. 

Miniaturized Raman probes are potentially powerful tools for in situ diagnoses deep inside the human body, if used inside a catheter or in combination with an endoscope. Since a Raman probe is usually used with other techniques, such as endoscopy and ultrasound imaging, it may be regarded as an assist device. Therefore, Raman probes must be designed to fit the system with which they will be used. 

Industry uses special devices similar to ultrasonic baths and probes but appropriately scaled up in size and ultrasound irradiation power. The UIP16000 model from Hielscher Ultrasound Technology is by far the most powerful ultrasonic processor available worldwide the apparatus is capable of delivering a continuous power of 16000 W at efficiency above 80%. Such powerful systems have been developed in response to the demand for the ultrasonic treatment of liquids on a large scale in fact, the ultrasound power required usually increases in proportion to the amount of liquid to be treated within a certain time. 

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