Potential-Driven Chromatography Electrochromatography - CEC

In order to get an EOF, the column material must contain charged surface functions, silanols, or others. 

To avoid bubble formation, an overpressure of about 5 bars can be obtained by including a mechanical pump. This pump is also used for rapid change of mobile phase and washing of the column. 

Injection is performed by eledrokinetic injection at 5-10 kV as in CE or by large-volume injections with focusing as in LC. 

Detection can be done by UV, fluorescence, or MS detection, as in CE, but the detection is usually carried out in a capillary conneded to the outlet end of the column. 

The mobile phase in CEC typically consists of water-F organic modifier-F buffer (electrolyte). The electrolyte should have a low ion strength to reduce the heating. 

---