Potent preparations

Atrophic changes Skin atrophy is common and may be clinically significant in 3 to 4 weeks with potent preparations. Certain areas of the body, such as the face, groin, and axillae, are more prone to atrophic changes than other areas of the body following treatment with corticosteroids. 

Especially if you are not used to it, or are taking a potent preparation like an extract, you should have a sober baby sitter there to make sure that you don t do something dangerous, like knocking over lit candles, or walking out a window. 

Choose the appropriate therapeutic potency (see Table 16.2). i.e. mild for the face. In cases likely to be resistant, use a very potent preparation.e.g for... 

The roots ofthe cultivated kava plant were traditionally chewed and expectorated, after which the diluted mash was mixed and filtered prior to drinking (Lebot 1991 Schleiffer 1979). This method is stiU practiced in the New Hebrides (Gajdusek 1967), whereas in Samoa and elsewhere the more modern method, sard to yield a less potent preparation, is to grind or pulverize the roots rather than chew them (Holmes 1967 Lebot 1991). In Lau, Fiji, labor strife among canoe builders may be... 

Synthesis of CCK was attempted in several laboratories and while hormonally active highly potent preparations with the C-terminal sequence of the... 

Its hydrochloride is prepared by heating morphine with hydrochloric acid under pressure. It is a potent emetic. 

Crystalline solid m.p. 35-36 "C, b.p. 154--156 C, prepared by oxidizing A,A -dicycIo-hexylthiourea with HgO in carbon disulphide solution, also obtained from cyclohexylamine and phosgene at elevated temperatures. Used as a mild dehydrating agent, especially in the synthesis of p>eptides from amino-acids. Potent skin irritant. 

C10H10N4O2S. White powder, which darkens on exposure to light m.p. 255-256 C. Prepared by condensing p-acet-amidobenzenesulphonyl chloride with 2-aminopyrimidine and subsequent hydrolysis. Soluble sulphadiazine is the sodium salt. Sulphadiazine is the least toxic of the more potent sulphonamides. ... 

Glyphosate was first prepared in 1950, in Switzerland (29), but its potent herbicidal activity was not disclosed until 1970 by Monsanto Chemical Co. 

Another structural type is chromenes. Centchroman [31477-60-8]is a pyrrolidinoethoxyplienyl chromane which is a potent antiestrogen with weak estrogenic activity. In India, it is used as a weekly contraceptive pih based on its reported abiUty to inhibit the uterine preparation for the attachment of the fertilized ova to the wall of the utems (see Contraceptives) (31). 

Antisyphilitics. Mercuric sahcyiate/T77(9-72-/] (6) and mercuric succinimide [584 3-0] (7) are simple salts prepared by the reaction ia water of mercuric oxide and sahcyhc acid or succinimide, respectively. Use as antisyphilitics has been substantially eliminated by virtue of the discovery of more potent and effective nonmetaUic biocides. 

Efforts toward producing synthetic steroids, particularly cortisol, expanded during World War II to enable researchers to explore the possibiUty of medicinal appHcations of corticosteroids. In 1948, the discovery that cortisone dramatically alleviates the symptoms of arthritis led to intensive research on the antiinflammatory properties of corticosteroids. The development of partial and total syntheses for the commercial preparation of cortisone, alternative methods for producing cortisone, and the search for more potent antiinflammatory analogues gready stimulated both academic and industrial steroid research. 

Irradiated ergosterol was found not to be as antirachitic in the chick as in the rat, whereas the chick could be protected by direct kradiation. The provitamin in cholesterol was shown not to be ergosterol. Rygh (14) in 1935 found that 1 rat unit of cod Hver oil was 100 times more potent in chicks than 1 rat unit of vitamin D2. Brockmann (15) in 1936, prepared the pure crystalline 3,5-dinitrobenzoate derivative of vitamin D obtained from tuna Hver oil... 

Trifluridine, C2qH22F2N20, (5-trifluoromethyl-2 -deoxyuridine [70-00-8] F TdU, 14) was first prepared (30) in 1962. It is used for topical therapy of herpes vims-infected eyes. It is especially usefiil for treating infections that are resistant to IdU therapy. Like IdU, trifluridine is incorporated into DNA in place of thymidine in both infected and uninfected cells. But it is 10 times more potent than IdU against herpes keratitis in rabbits and 10 times more soluble in water. Trifluridine is also usefiil in treating human cytomegalovims (HCMV), but its toxicity to bone marrow may limit its clinical use. 

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