Polypropylene, polymerization

Polypropylene polymerized with triethyl aluminum and titanium trichloride has been found to contain various kinds of chain ends. Both terminal vinylidene unsaturation and aluminum-bound chain ends have been identified. Propose two termination reactions which can account for these observations. Do the termination reactions allow any discrimination between the monometallic and bimetallic propagation mechanisms ... 

Texas, USA 1963 Propylene 3M damage from a fire and explosion in a low pressure polypropylene polymerization unit CVE... 

Texas, USA 1965 Propylene Pipeline failure in polypropylene polymerization plant caused 3M damage in an explosion and fire FB CVE... 

Bis(phenoxy-imine) catalysts in olefin polymerization, 4, 1096 for syndiotactic polypropylene polymerization, 4, 1115 Bis(phenoxy) imine-donor complexes, with Zr(IV) and Hf(IV), 4, 814... 

Crystallization, experimental methods overview, 1, 207 Crystal mounting, experimental methods overview, 1, 209 Crystal selection, experimental methods overview, 1, 209 CSA, and apparent dynamic NMR, 1, 423 CSD, see Cambridge Structural Database C2-symmetric metallocenes, for polypropylene polymerization, 4, 1058 CT transitions, see Charge-transfer transitions Cubanes... 

Of the fibers listed in Table II only the polyesters, polyamides, spandexes, acetates, and rayon are discussed in this chapter. While the acrylics and modacrylics are the third most important class of commercial fibers because their polymerization chemistry is also discussed in other chapters concerned with vinyl addition emulsion polymerizations, it will only be briefly summarized here. For the same reason polypropylene polymerization chemistry is also not covered in this section. However, two additional topics, carbon fiber formation and polybenzimidazoles have been included on the basis of the current Interest in high-performance fibers for composite materials. 

Additional examples of polymerization processes can be found in a recently published review of fiber-forming polymerization patents by Robinson (27). A detailed comparison of batch and continuous polymerization for nylon 6,6 can be found in a review by Jacobs and Zimmerman (15). In another review Short has summarized the current state of polypropylene polymerization technology and catalyst development (28). 

C] = Rate of polymerization for atactic polypropylene Polymerization conditions as mentioned in Table 3. 

The introduction of polar functional groups into polypropylene is difficult. Unlike polyethylene where various polar monomers are copolymerized with ethylene, the addition of polar monomers to the polypropylene polymerization process can-... 

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