Polyphosphoester PPE

Polyphosphoesters (PPEs) are phosphorus-containing polymers with repeating phosphoester (P-O) linkages in the backbone (Scheme 6.1). The pentavalent nature of phosphorus allows the introduction of various side chains such as bioactive entities through P-O, P-N, and P-C bonds. 

A useful review covering polyphosphoester (PPE) synthesis and biomedical applications appeared in 2009. However, a word of caution some of the... 

Polyphosphoesters (PPE) is another important class of biomedical polymers [70] that can be prepared by stannous octoate catalyzed coordination-insertion polymerization method. A representative example is the synthesis of polyfethylene ethyl phosphate) (PEEP) as reported by Xiao et al. by the polymerization of the cyclic phosphoester 2-ethoxy-2-oxo-l,3,2-dioxaphospholane (EEP) using stannous octoate and dodecanol [71] (Fig. 2.20). 

Polyphosphoester poly(2-aminoethyl propylene phosphate), (PPE-PA), was synthesized and evaluated for polyplex formation. Stability of DNA poly-plexes increased with molecular weight of the polymer. Enhanced in vivo gene expression in mouse muscle was observed based on sustained release from the PPE-PA carrier [127]. 

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