Polymer device architectures

Poly(l,4-phenylene vinylcne) and its Derivatives 2 The Basic Polymer LED Device Architecture 4 Substituted Poly(phcnylene vinylcne)s 6 Poly(anthrylenevinylcne)s 10 Step-Growth Routes to PPV Derivatives 10 PPV Copolymers 11... 

Section 1.2 gives a brief review of conjugated polymers in semiconducting and metallic phases. Section 1.3 discusses device architectures and their corresponding processes. Section 1.4 introduces some novel devices and their functions in thin-film polymer devices. Section 1.5 is devoted to technical merits of SMOLEDs and PLEDs used as emitter elements in flat-panel displays. 

Because the binding of TNT and DNT is dependent on the structure of the polymer film, using two different polymers in series can assist in further discriminating the two similar analytes. This device architecture is shown in Figure 12. Figure 13 illustrates this effect in comparing the temporal response of TNT vapor... 

ATRP gives excellent control of polymer chain architecture. For industrial use, however, two problems need to be overcome residual halides and metals in the product would be a problem for electronic device uses. The rate of polymerization may be too slow. This is because the chain end concentrations must be low so that typical radical chain termination is kept to a minimum. Chain termination is a second order reaction and will be minimized by low concentrations of chain end radicals. The low rate of polymerization may increase the cost of the process since the optimum time for a polymerization run is about 6 h. 

Several groups have tried to reduce the recombination reaction by using sophisticated device architecture such as composite metal oxides as the semiconductor with different band gaps [40,41], Gregg et al. have examined surface passivation by deposition of insulating polymers [42]. We have studied the influence of spacer units between the dye and the Ti(>2 surface with little... 

Fig. 12 Examples of device architectures of conjugated polymer-based photovoltaic cells a single layer b bilayer c disordered bulk heterojunction d ordered bulk heterojunction. (Reproduced with permission from [71], 2005, American Chemical Society)...

Novel Device Architectures 11.4.1 Inverted Polymer Solar Cells... 

As mentioned earlier, PPV was the first polymer used in a PLED. The device architecture of this PLED is shown in Figure 5.1. The EL polymer, PPV in this case, was sandwiched between a transparent conductor, indium tin oxide (ITO), as the anode and aluminum as the cathode. In this configuration, when a voltage is applied to the electrodes, holes are injected into the HOMO of the PPV at the ITO-PPV interface and electrons are injected into the LUMO of the PPV at the Al-PPV interface. These... 

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