Polymer continued phosphorus-containing

DPPES was grafted onto the surface of GNO by condensation to form a synergistic phosphorus/silicon-containing GNO flame retardant (DPPES-GNO). A series of nanocomposites that contained 0,1,5, and 10 wt% DPPES-GNO was prepared. XPS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM verified that DPPES covalently bonded to GNO. Furthermore, the addition of DPPES-GNO (up to 10 wt%) to neat epoxy significantly increased its thermal stability and improved the char yield and LOI by 42% and 80%, respectively. The phosphorus, silicon, and GNO layer stmctures of DPPES-GNO caused the continuous and insulating char layer to protect the inner polymer matrix. The approach that is described herein has great potential for the development of a novel synergistic phosphorus/silicon—GNO flame retardant with polymer nanocomposite applications. 

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