Polymer continued nonuniform

Note The condition that e s be continuous at Rs and Rs + ARf is easily removed by adding an extra sphere-sphere terms with the required discontinuity in e. Equation numbers in [ ] as in J. E. Kiefer, V. A. Parsegian, and G. H. Weiss, "Model for van der Waals attraction between spherical particles with nonuniform adsorbed polymer," J. Colloid Interface Sci., 51, 543-545 (1975). 

A modified version of this model was developed for a nonuniform polymer film (2). With these assumptions, the continuity equations for the gas and polymer phase may be written as... 

For any battery applications, the separator should have uniform pore distribution to avoid performance losses arising from nonuniform current densities. The submicron pore dimensions are critical for preventing internal shorts between the anode and the cathode of the lithium-ion cell, particularly since these separators tend to be as thin as 25 pm or less. This feature will be increasingly important as battery manufacturers continue to increase the cell capacity with thinner separators. The pore structure is usually influenced by polymer composition, and stretching conditions, such as drawing temperature, drawing speed, and draw ratio. In the wet process, the separators produced by the process of drawing after extractirai... 

While the rubber elasticity theory to be described below presumes a randomly cross-linked polymer, it must be noted that each method of network formation described above has distinctive nonuniformities, which can lead to significant deviation of experiment from theory. For example, chain polymerization leads first to microgel formation (9,10), where several chains bonded together remain dissolved in the monomer. On continued polymerization, the microgels grow in number and size, eventually forming a macroscopic gel. However, excluded volume effects, sUght differences in reactivity between the monomer and cross-linker, and so on lead to systematic variations in crosslink densities at the 100- to 500-A level. 

Within this contribution, we focus our attention on two methods, namely the Baker-Williams fractionation (BW) [40,41] and continuous polymer fractionation (CPF) [42]. The B W method leads to fractions with a very low nonuniformity and is deemed to be the most effective technique [43, 44]. CPF allows the isolation of fractions on the 100 g scale. 

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