Fuel cells polybenzimidazole

Xiao, L. et al., High-temperature polybenzimidazole fuel cell membranes via a sol-gel process, Chem. Mater., 17, 5328, 2005. 

L. Xiao, H. Zhang, E. Scanlon, L.S. Ram-anathan, E.W. Choe, D. Rogers, T. Apple, B.C. Benicewicz, High-temperature polybenzimidazole fuel cell membranes via a sol-gel process, Chem. Mater. 17 (21) (2005) 5328-5333. 

Chen, C.Y. and Lai, W.H. (2010) Effects of temperature and humidity on the cell performance and resistance of a phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole fuel cell. J. Power Sources, 195, 7152. 

The section on intermediate temperature fuel cells has just one entry on each fuel cell type. With decreasing operation temperature, the Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell technology is critically discussed (Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells) before two related systems relying on the unique protrui conducting properties of phosphoric acid are described. While the well-established phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) is developed for stationary applications (Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells for Stationary Applications), polybenzimidazole (used as a matrix for phosphoric acid) fuel cells even have some potential for mobile and small applications (Polybenzimidazole Fuel Cell Technology). 

Molleo M, Schmidt T, Benicewicz B (2012) Polybenzimidazole fuel cell technology theory, performance, and applications. Encyclopedia of sustainability, science and technology. Springer, New York, pp 391 31... 

Molleo M, Schmidt T, Benicewicz B (2012) Polybenzimidazole fuel cell technology theory. 

Xiao, L., Zhang, H., Scanlon, E., Ramanathan, L. S., Choe, E.-W., Rogers, D., Apple, T., and Benicewicz, B. (2005b) High-temperature polybenzimidazole fuel cell membranes via a sol-gel process. Chemical Materials 17, 5328-5333. 

---