Plastics surface preparation chemical modification

POs are widely used as a matrix in wood fiber-plastic composites [205-207]. MA graft copolymers, such as maleated PPs, are applied as coupling agents, for the preparation of composites useful in the automobile and packaging industries [208,209], and for outdoor application because when maleated PP is used, the fiber surface becomes hydrophobic and the water uptake decreases significantly [209]. In situ chemical modification-interfacial interaction was observed by several researchers [82,210,211] in the maleated... 

It was noted by MacDiarmid and Epstein as early as 1989 that PAn salts may also be deposited as films on a variety of substrates by immersing the substrate in the polymerization mixture.29 In fact, during standard chemical polymerization, one often observes the deposition of a thin, extremely adherent green emeraldine salt (ES) film on the walls of glass reaction vessels, as well as the bulk precipitation of PAn/HA powder. By judicious manipulation of the polymerization conditions such as reagent concentrations/ratios and modification of the substrate surface, one can maximize the surface deposition as opposed to polymer precipitation.30 This phenomenon has been developed into a widely useful in situ polymerization technique for the preparation of PAn films on a variety of insulating surfaces such as glass and plastics, as well as on fibers and fabrics. 

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