Plasma Average Atom model

One of the earliest models for estimating the radiative properties of hot and dense plasmas was the average atom model introduced by Rozsnai [121]... 

Earlier calculation on many electron atomic systems under plasma was performed by Stewart and Pyatt [58], who estimated the variation of IP of several atoms using a finite temperature TF model. Applications of the density functional theory on these systems were reviewed by Gupta and Rajagopal [57], The calculations on many electron systems are mostly concerned with the hot and dense plasmas with the application of the IS model, or from general solutions of the Poisson equation for the potential function. The discussions using the average atom model in Section 3.3, Inferno model of Liberman in 3.4, STA model in 3.5, hydrodynamic model in... 

The radiation-hydrodynamic simulation includes the Quotidien EOS [29] and Ion EOS based on the Cowan model [30], For the electron component, a set of fitting formulae derived from the numerical results from the Thomas-Fermi model and a semi-empirical bonding correction [31] are adopted. The effective Z-number of the partially ionized plasma is obtained from the average atom model. Radiation transport is treated by multigroup diffusion. 

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