Pipes/piping horizontal directional drilling

The market for horizontal directional drilling is experiencing a continuous growth worldwide. The installation of pipe and utility conduits in urban areas and across rivers and highways is the mainstay of the horizontal directional drilling industry. It is common practice to use HDD for the installation of new networks of power, natural gas, and telecommunications. 

Another recent example took place in a midwestem US city where a horizontal directional driller punctured a 48 in. pipe segment (Bueno, 2012 Bass et al., 2012). The horizontal directional drilling (HDD) mishap created a 4 in. circular hole in a... 

Compute the overpull with the horizontal trajectory shown in Figure 4-348 at TD. Assuming that the direction change of 40° is at the Junction of the regular drill pipes and heavy drill pipes. (The capstan-effect will be neglected.)... 

As shown in Fig. 5.11, the orifice meter consists of a flat orifice plate with a circular hole drilled in it. There is a pressure tap upstream from the orifice plate and another just downstream. If the flow direction is horizontal and we apply Bernoulli s equation, ignoring friction from point 1 to point 2, we find Eq. 5.30, exactly the same equation we found for a venturi meter. However, in this case we cannot assume frictionless flow and uniform flow across any cross section of the pipe as easily as we can in the case of the venturi meter. 

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