Phosphate salts, eutectic solutions

Eutectic formation, as predicted by the phase rule, can have a dramatic effect on pH buffer solutions during freezing. In a ternary solution of two salts and water, four eutectic points may, in principle, be identified, of which one is a ternary eutectic (at the lowest temperature), while the other three are binary eutectics of the three pairs of components. Some eutectic data for sodium and potassium phosphate buffer salts with ice are summarised in Table For mixtures of the sodium salts, the... 

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