Phase tranfer catalyst

Scheme 64 A stable triazatriangulenium based salt as phase-tranfer catalyst...

Binaphthyl- and Biphenyl-Modified Chiral Phase-Tranfer Catalysts for Asymmetric Synthesis... 

Design and Synthesis of Two-Center Chiral Phase-Tranfer Catalyst 117... 

It is important to make the distinction between the multiphasic catalysis concept and transfer-assisted organometaUic reactions or phase tranfer catalysis (PTC). In this latter approach, a catalytic amount of quaternary ammonium salt (Q] (X] is present in an aqueous phase. The catalyst lipophUic cation [Q] transports the reactant s anion Y to the organic phase, as an ion-pair, and the chemical reaction occurs in the organic phase of the organic/aqueous two-phase mixture [2]. 

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