Phase Equilibria in Single Component Systems

The Clapeyron equation (5.19) is valid for all forms of phase equilibrium in single-component systems, i.e. evaporation, condensation, melting, solidification, sublimation, and transformation (see table 4.1). 

In the expression (d) we recognize the Gibbs-Duhem equation (eqn. (5.14)) that was previously derived and was used for describing, for example, the influence of pressure and temperature on phase equilibrium in single-component systems. 

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