Perylene applications

Quite differently, Pleux et al. tested a series of three different organic dyads comprising a perylene monoimide (PMI) dye linked to a naphthalene diimide (NDI) or C60 for application in NiO-based DSSCs (Fig. 18.7) [117]. They corroborated a cascade electron flow from the valance band of NiO to PMI and, finally, to C60. Transient absorption measurements in the nanosecond time regime revealed that the presence of C60 extends the charge-separated state lifetime compared to just PMI. This fact enhanced the device efficiencies up to values of 0.04 and 0.06% when CoII/m and P/Ij electrolytes were utilized, respectively. More striking than the efficiencies is the remarkable incident photon-to-current efficiency spectrum, which features values of around 57% associated to photocurrent densities of 1.88 mA/cm2. 

Perylene, a parent pentacyclic aromatic compound, which exhibits a strong fluorescence has found application in laser dyes and organic light emitting diodes (see section 3.8.5.1). The esters of di-, tri- and tetra-carboxylic acids of perylene are lightfast, yellow to red fluorescent chromophores, exemplified by the diisobutyl ester of the... 

The low solubility of perylene carboxylic bisimides is a general obstacle for their application in homogeneous solution. This can be solved by the introduction of long-chain secondary alkyl groups ( swallow-tail-substituents ) [15, 16,17] to the nitrogen atoms such as R= 1-hexylheptyl. 

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