Periodic Trends Late Metals

The assignments made by Kemper and Bowers can be understood by starting with their measurements for Cu and Zn where formation of the ground states is overwhelmingly likely because of the high excitation energies of all excited states. This 

Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry Theory and Applications 

FIGURE 2.4 Reduced mobilities in cm /(V s) of the first-row transition metal cations. Ground states are indicated by open symbols. The Langevin mohilities, are shown by the line. (Data are taken from Kemper and Bowers, J. Phys. Chem. 1991,95,5134-5146, except for the excited state of Cu which is taken from Taylor et al. J. Phys. Chem. A 1999, 103, 643-650.) 

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Accurate Density Functional calculations make possible today the systematic investigation of periodic trends in the bond energies of transition metal complexes. Computational results are presented for metal-metal bonds in dimers of the group 6 transition metals, metal-ligand bonds in early and late transition metal complexes, and metal-carbonyl bonds in hexa- penta- and tetra-carbonyl complexes. 

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