Pentaamine perchlorate

For comparison, Ilyushin et al. [27] selected complex cobalt(III) pentaaminate perchlorates having temperature of decomposition in the range 265-280 °C and initiating efficiency around 0.2 g for RDX. 

Cyanatotetrazolato) Pentaamine Cobalt (III) perchlorate for DDT devices. Proc. 7th Inll. Pyrotechnics Seminar, Colorado, USA, pp. 322-326. 

Pentaamine(5-cyano-2//-tetrazolato-A )cobalt(III) perchlorate (CP) was developed in the late 1960s as an alternative primary explosive material that has a rapid DDT while maintaining a high level of manipulation safety [4—6]. 

The structure of pentaamine (5-cyano-2//-tetrazoIato-A )cobalt(III) perchlorate is shown above. Bonding via the N2 ring nitrogen in the final product has been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray structure determination [7] and NMR analysis [8]. 

Best properties from all analogs of CP are reported for pentaamine (5-nitro-2//-tetrazolato-Af )cobalt(III) perchlorate (abbreviated by authors to NKT). It has low sensitivity to electrostatic discharge predetonation distance is 4.5 mm with charge diameter 6.5 mm and density 1.60-1.63 g cm". NKT is thermally stable—Cheating it at 200 °C in a hermetically sealed container for 6 h does not change its properties. It is not hygroscopic and, unlike CP, it is not too toxic. Careful optimization of reaction conditions gives up to 90 % yields [26]. 

The first coordination compound published was pentaamine(l,5-cyclopenta-methylene-tetrazolato-M ) cobalt(lll) perchlorate (PAC) ... 

Pentaamine(l,5-cyclopentamethylene-tetrazolato-)cobalt(III) perchlorate (PAC) is prepared by the substitution of water by corazol in a slightly acidic aqueous solution according to the following scheme ... 

Replacing the perchlorate anion in pentaamine cobalt (III) perchlorate complexes seems to be a logical way of eliminating the potentially ecologically problematic anion. The effect of such replacement was studied by Ilyushin et al. using dinitroguanidine which was considered suitable due to its ability to form complexes, its enthalpy of formation, and its oxidizing ability [27]. 

The temperature of the start of fast decomposition (DTA, 5 °C min ) decreases by 80-100 °C when the perchlorate anion is exchanged for dinitroguanidine or azide. Unlike pentaamine (5-nitro-2//-tetrazolato-iV )cobalt(III) perchlorate (NKT), which decomposes in one step, complex I decomposes in four steps when heated by 5 °C min . It also loses crystal water around 110 °C. 

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