Pendant methacrylate group

The copolymerization within a wide range of initial compositions of the monomer mixtures was carried out in DMF solution in the presence of AIBN labeled with C. The residual unsaturation (molar ratio of the unsaturated pendant methacrylate groups to the total methacrylate groups linked with the template chain in the copolymer) is rather low (from 0.01 to 0.08). Also, a number of branching points can be estimated at 1-2 per hundred repeating units. These results confirm the conclusion that propagation occurs... 

Ring-Opening Pofymerization of a 2-Methylene Spiro Orthocarbonate Bearing a Pendant Methacrylate Group... 

Concerning grafting techniques, in GTP acrylates are much more reactive than methacrylates. Thus 2-methacryloxyethyl acrylate in the presence of ZnBr2 is polymerized exclusively to a polymer with pendant methacrylate groups capable of radical and GTP grafting from polymerizations [73]. Irradiation teehniques have often been employed... 

Recent commercial development of isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (18 lEM) by Dow has made it possible to prepare PU polymers or prepolymers containing terminal or pendant methacrylic groups that can be cured either by means of free-radical initiators or by radiation using UV or electron-beam radiation. 

The two matrices in these cements are of a different nature an ionomer salt hydrogel and polyHEMA. For thermodynamic reasons, they do not interpenetrate but phase-separate as they are formed. In order to prevent phase separation, another version of resin glass polyalkenoate cement has been formulated by Mitra (1989). This is marketed as VitraBond, which we term a class II material. In these materials poly(acrylic acid), PAA, is replaced by modified PAAs. In these modified PAAs a small fraction of the pendant -COOH groups are converted to unsaturated groups by condensation reaction with a methacrylate containing a reactive terminal group. These methacrylates can be represented by the formula ... 

The linkage between two chains can also be ionic. Thus the copolymer between ethylene and methacrylic acid (MA) (up to 15% MA), made by free radical polymerisation, yields a polymer with pendant carboxyl groups. Neutralisation with zinc ions gives a crosslinked, thermo-reversible polymer (Surlyn ). The resulting polymer (ionomer) has limited properties, although it is the favoured material for the outer covering of golf balls. 

The photoinduced radical crosslinking of silicone containing pendant acrylate 1 and 3 or methacrylate groups 2 and 4 was investigated by swelling and calorimetric measurements. 

Syntheses of Self-Sensitized Polymers by Cationic Copolymerizations. The cationic polymerizations of several vinyl ethers containing pendant ester groups such as cinnamic ester 12), methacrylic ester 16), acrylic ester (77), and crotonic ester 18) have been reported. Based on these reports, cationic copolymerizations of CEVE with photosensitizer monomers such as NPVE, NNVE, VNP and NPEVE were carried out using TFB as a catalyst in toluene at — 65 °C. Each copolymer was obtained with high yield except in the case of copolymerization of CEVE with VNP as summarized in Table I. 

Terpolymers made from two different olefins and CO are known. They were first described in Brubaker s initial patent and involved the free radical initiated terpolymerization of CO and C2H with another olefin such as propylene, isobutylene, butadiene, vinyl acetate, diethyl maleate or tetrafluoroethylene More recently, in another patent, Hammer has described the free radical initiated terpolymerization of CO and C2H with vinyl esters, vinyl ethers or methyl methacrylate 26Reaction temperatures of 180-200 °C and a combined pressure of 186 MPa were employed. Typically a CO QH4 olefin molar ratio of 10 65 25 was observed in the terpolymers. In other patents, Hammer 27,28) has described the formation of copolymers with pendant epoxy groups by the free radical initiated polymerization of CO, QH4, vinyl acetate and glycidyl methacrylate. Reaction conditions similar to those stated above were employed, and a typical CO C2H vinyl acetate glycidyl methacrylate molar ratio of 10 65 20 5 was observed in the product polymer. 

More or less similar behavior has been observed (8) in the blends of the copolymer or the terpolymer with the following bis-A polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, poly (ethyl methacrylate), and a terpolymer made from methyl methacrylate, N,N -dimethyl acrylamide, and N-phenyl-maleimide. Because of this unique miscibility characteristic of the a-methyl styrene interpolymers, an attempt was made at compati-bilizing polyarylethers with the interpolymers by attaching pendant chemical groups known to exist in systems with which the interpolymers are miscible. 

In order to introduce a functional group, a first route is based on the conversion of polyesters or polymers bearing pendant ester groups into the corresponding polyenolates, followed by reaction with a judiciously substituted electrophile. A second strategy is the direct polymerization of an acrylate or a methacrylate substituted by a functional group. 

Figure 7-3 records the changes of monomer feed and copolymer compositions with conversion in the case of glycidyl methacrylate and styrene. This copoly-merizalion would produce an essentially styrenic polymer which is cross-linkable through the pendant epoxy groups of the methacrylate residues. The last 10% of copolymer formed is practically pure polystyrene. In the styrene-butadiene copolymerization depicted in Fig. 7-4, the product composition is almost constant for the first 70% of the reaction where this polymerization would normally be halted anyway (Section 7.2.3). 

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