Pedogenic process

Substrate types and the pedogenic processes they prompt can influence the results in partial leach experiments. 

Horizons little affected by pedogenic processes. May include soft sedimentary material (C) or partially weathered bedrock (Cr)... 

Accumulation of calcium carbonate due to pedogenic processes Nearly continuously cemented horizons (by various pedogenic minerals) Accumulation of exchangeable sodium... 

Fitzpatrick, R, W. (1988) Iron compounds as indicators of pedogenic processes Examples from the southern hemisphere. In Stucki J. W. et al. (Eds.) Iron in soils and clay minerals. Reidel Publ. Co. Dordi echt Holland, NATO ASI Ser. 217 351-396. 

Phreatic carbonate is carbonate that precipitated by non-pedogenic processes in the phreatic zone. Terrestrial phreatic carbonates have been described by many workers (Mann Horwitz, 1979 Arakel ... 

The soil profile is the manifestation of the soilforming or pedogenic processes on the geological substratum or parent material (Fig. 7-1). The soil profile is an assemblage of horizons displayed by a vertical cut at the surface. Horizons are layer-like, more or less parallel to the surface, and differ from each other in morphology, composition, and consistency (Table 7-1). 

Pedogenic elements are of both lithogenic and anthropogenic origin, but their distribution and speciation are changed due to various pedogenic processes. 

Mineral constituents of soils are inherited from parent material and have been exposed to weathering and pedogenic processes. Processes of degradation and neoformation of minerals - as well as interactions with organic compounds - greatly affect trace... 

From the considerations above, it appears that the formation and the development of peds strictly reflects the pedogenic history of a soil and its relationships with the environment. Thus, studies on the mechanisms for ped aggregation and expression represent a fundamental tool not only to elucidate the pedogenic processes, but also to better understand the phenomena of soil degradation related to the loss of structure stability. 

The most noticeable pedogenic processes in the field are organic carbon accumulation and calcium carbonate leaching in the upper centimeters of the soils, and illuviation further down the profile a few decimeters below. The calcium carbonate accumulations are very intensive in the Holocene soils. 

Soils may be developed on either sedentary or transported materials, but irrespective of which of these is involved, all soils may be traced back to parent rocks. Hence all rock-forming minerals can occur in soils, in addition to minerals formed as a result of pedogenic processes. 

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