Particle Removal by Sedimentation and Inertia

The simplest means of particulate matter removal is sedimentation, a phenomenon that occurs continuously in nature. Gravitational settling chambers can be employed for the removal of particles from gas streams by simply settling under the influence of gravity. These chambers take up large amounts of space and have low collection efficiencies, particularly for small particles. 

Inertial mechanisms used for particle removal depend on the fact that the radius of the path of a particle in a rapidly moving, curving airstream is larger than the path of the stream as a whole. Therefore, when a gas stream is spun by vanes, a fan, or a tangential gas inlet, the particulate matter may be collected on a separator wall because the particles are forced outward by centrifugal force. Devices utilizing this mode of operation are called dry centrifugal collectors. 

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