Particle mechanics, liquid phase chemical concept

Ben-Naim and Marcus [1] discussed a process termed solvation that applies to a particle of a (non-ionic ) substance transferring from its isolated state in the gas phase into a liquid irrespective of the concentration. The particle would then be surrounded by solvent molecules only in an ideally dilute solution (infinite dilution), or by solvent molecules as well as by molecules of its own kind at any arbitrary mole fraction with regard to the solvent, and by molecules identical with itself only on condensation into its own liquid. The interactions involved and their thermodynamics are aU covered by the same concept of solvation. The solvation process of a solute S is defined [1] as the transfer of a particle of S Ifom a fixed position in the (ideal) gas phase (superscript G) to a fixed position in a liquid (superscript L) at a given temperature T and pressure P. Statistical mechanics specifies the chemical potential of S in the ideal gas phase as ... 

---