Palladium catalysts electrical property

Bimetallic nanoparticles are of wide interest since they lead to many interesting size-dependent electrical, chemical, and optical properties [1]. They are particularly important in the field of catalysis since they often exhibit better catalytic properties than their monometallic counterparts [2-6]. Gold is very useful as an alloying metal and it has been used in conjunction with metals such as palladium [1,3,4,7-11] and platinum [6,10,11,20-24] for various catalytic reactions. The structure of bimetallic combinations depends mainly on the preparation conditions and the miscibility of the two components. Among the bimetallics, Au-Pd is one of the combinations that has been extensively studied in terms of preparation, stabilisation, and catalytic activity. Particularly, the use of preformed metallic sol as precursor of heterogeneous catalysts apparently shows the more tuneable method for preparing bimetallic particle. Turkevich and Kim have studied the morphology of Au-Pd bimetallic particles, prepared... 

The difference in solvent properties can affect the chemical potential of the catalyst complexes and monomers. The latter effect is expected to be small because of the absence of strong interactions between MA, CO2, and ethylene. A higher incorporation of MA in the copolymer in CO2 can be caused by an energetically more favorable catalyst-MA complex compared to the catalyst-ethylene complex. Another effect of the non-polar CO2 is that the local concentration of the polar MA is probably higher around the catalyst than in the bulk to stabihze the electrical charge of the cationic palladium complex and the counterion in... 

F. C. Krebs, R. B. Nyberg and M. Jorgensen, Influence of residual catalyst on the properties of conjugated polyphenylenevinylene materials palladium nonaparticles and poor electrical performance. Chenu Mater., 16, 1313-1318 (2004). 

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