Ozawa

S, Ozawa. Kyoto Daigaku Kekkaku Kenkyusho Sempo. 4, 276 11956 Chem.. Abstr.. 51, 5898. 

Ozawa.. 1.. Mizukoshi. A.. Maruyama. S.. Nakano. K.. Saiio K.. Si Jetin. G.. Laioiir, Y., and Petit. A.. Pressure reliet design and performance of metal oxide surge arresters, IEEE-198.3. 

The AFO reaction has seen very few variations since it was first reported in 1934. However, the most significant modification was reported in 1958 by Ozawa and further elaborated by Smith and others. Prior to this modification the intermediate chalcones were purified and then subjected to hydrogen peroxide in a basic medium. With the modification, the chalcone was generated in situ, from an aldehyde and a hydroxyacetophenone, and then allowed to react with aqueous hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sodium hydroxide to deliver the flavonol. Smith and coworkers conducted a limited study to examine the scope and limitations of this modification.Flavonols were delivered in 51-67% however, no flavonols were isolated with highly reactive aldehydes such as p-nitrobenzaldehyde and when 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone was used. 

In this method, data are obtained for reaction proceeding at a series of different heating rates [539,560,561]. This reduces the advantage of the non-isothermal method and one might just as well perform a series of isothermal measurements for which the subsequent analysis will be both more accurate and much simpler. Use of the technique can be illustrated by reference to the work of Ozawa [561] which is quoted as typical. The Doyle equation [eqn. (25)] above can be written... 

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