Oxygen reduction reaction transition metal macrocycles

Shi Z, Zhang J. Density functional theory study of transitional metal macrocyclic complexes dioxygen-binding abilities and their catalytic activities toward oxygen reduction reaction. J Phys Chem C 2007 111 7084-90. 

He H, Lei Y, Xiao C, Chu D, Chen R, Wang G (2012) Molecular and electronic structures of transition-metal macrocyclic complexes as related to catalyzing oxygen reduction reactions a density functional theory study. J Phys Chem C 116(30) 16038-16046... 

Transition Metal Macrocycles for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction... 

The decomposition of the peroxide to hydroxide and oxygen is a key rate-limiting step in the reaction sequence. To accelerate the reduction of the peroxide species and the overall reaction rate, the air cathode is formulated using catalytic compounds which promote the reaction in step 2. These catalysts are typically metal compounds or complexes such as elemental silver, cobalt oxide, noble metals and their compounds, mixed metal compounds including rare earth metals, and transition metal macrocyclics, spinels, manganese tUoxide, phtalocyanines or perovskites." - ... 

Transition Metal Phthalocyanines Water-soluble tetrasulfonated phthalocyanines incorporating transition metals of the first row, particularly, FeTsPc and CoTsPc, may be regarded as among the first adsorbed macrocycles for which the reaction mechanisms for oxygen reduction in aqueous electrolytes have been studied in depth using RDE and RRDE techniques [60, 90]. 

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