Oxygen partial pressure temperature and

The measurements of ion transport numbers made by method of EMF and by sign of thermo-electric force reveal, that in all studied materials at Po2 > 10 Pa and in air the electronic conductivity of p-type (hole conductiviy) predominates, and at P02 < 10-1 Pa the electrical conductivity is predominantly ionic. The transport number of ions f alters depending on oxygen partial pressure, temperature and doping from 0,9 down to 0,1. 

The mass action expressions can be combined with the full or limited cases of the electroneutrality condition to obtain exact or approximate (limiting case) expressions for the concentration of defects. Such concentrations are typically a function of the oxygen partial pressure, temperature, and doping. It is common to illustrate defect stmctures for oxides by plotting log defect concentrations vs log Pq (Brouwer diagrams) or In or log defect concentrations vs 1/T. We have... 

The formation of NOx oxygen partial pressure, temperature and coal properties such as nitrogen content and volatile content. Measures can be taken to modify the combustion conditions so that they are less favourable for NOx formation. There are a number of options for combustion modification measures such as reduction of combustion temperature, reduction of residence time in high temperature zones and reduction of excess air. 

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