Oxidation state IV d

The neutral and anionic adducts of the halides constitute a large proportion of the complexes of Ti, and the alkoxides (also prepared from TiCU) are of commercial importance (p. 968). 

The dodecahedral coordination is produced by two interpenetrating tetrahe-dra (slightly distorted) of chlorine and arsenic atoms. 

Alkoxides of all 3 metals are well characterized but it is those of titanium which are of particular importance. The solvolysis of TiCU with an alcohol yields a dialkoxide  

If diy ammonia is added to remove the HCl, then the tetraalkoxides can be produced  

These alkoxides are liquids or sublimable solids and, unless the steric effects of the alkyl chain prevent it, apparently attain octahedral coordination of the titanium by polymerization (Fig. 21.6). The lower alkoxides are especially sensitive to moisture, hydrolysing to the dioxide. Application of these organic titanates (as they are frequently described) can therefore give a 

Tip4 forms 6-coordinate adducts mainly with 

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