Overview of Battery Functions and Materials

Voltage separation and characteristic ion diffusion layer from bulk caused by half-cell reactions in NiCd battery system. 

Depending on material properties and the nature of the reactions, the performance, safety, packaging, design, and application characteristics of batteries will vary. Table 4.1 showcases a number of commercial battery materials that dominate the energy storage market [5]. 

Common Name Nominal Voltage Anode Cathode Electrolyte 

Leclanche 1.5 Zinc foil MnOj Aq ZnCl2 NH4Cl 

Zinc chloride 1.5 Zinc foil Electrolytic MnOj Aq ZnCl2 

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