Other Properties of the Reaction System

Other properties that have to be considered in enzyme reaction engineering are pH effects on the reaction 

A pH effect during the reaction occurs if proton shifts are involved, as is the case in most enzymatic reactions. As enzyme activity is strongly dependent on pH, a pH shift induced by the reaction has to be prevented by buffering or titrating the reaction medium. Problems arise especially in immobilized systems where pH gradients occur within the enzyme matrix if the buffering capacity of the medium is too low Is1 62L In cofactor dependent reactions the influence of pH on the stability of NAD(P)+ and NAD(P)H has to be considered[63 . 

The effects of the variation of temperature on enzymatic reactions usually do not require precautions, as in typical small scale reactors the capacity of heat exchangers is sufficient to maintain a constant temperature. 

This information may be useful in cases where a product can be removed continuously from the reaction mixture by crystallization. 

---

Then the other properties of the reaction system have to be characterized. The following topics are of major concern ... 

---