Other Catenanes and Knots

Many other catenane species have been synthesised. These range from further simple [2]-catenanes, other [2]- as well as [3]-catenane species incorporating redox-active tetrathiafulvalene groups, other multi-ring derivatives, through to polymeric species incorporating catenane domains as part of a larger macromole- 

As mentioned already, a further group of catenanes have been synthesised via metal-ion template procedures discussion of these species is presented in the next chapter as part of a wider treatment of the use of metals in self-assembly processes. 

Metal-directed Synthesis -Rotaxanes, CatenaneSy Helicates and Knots 

There are now many self-assembled supramolecular systems in which metal ions have played an important, if not essential, role in the assembly process. In this chapter, the use of metal-directed synthesis to achieve assembled systems is discussed. 

Lindoy, The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligand Complexes, Cambridge University Press, 

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