Osmond

The term stress, when used in biology, has general connotations rather than a precise definition (Osmond et al., 1987). It is therefore most useful to apply the term stress in its more general sense as an overpowering pressure of some adverse force or influence (Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd edn, 1983) that tends to inhibit normal systems from... 

Anderson, J.M. Osmond, C.B. (1987). Shade-sun responses compromises between acclimation and photoinhibition. In Photoinhibition, ed. D. J. Kyle, C.B. Osmond and C.J. Amtzen, pp. 1-38. Amsterdam Elsevier. 

Ferrar, P.J. Osmond, C.B. (1986). Nitrogen supply as a factor influencing photoinhibition and photosynthetic acclimation after transfer of shade-grown Solanum dulcamara to bright light. Planta, 168, 563-70. 

Osmond, C.B. (1983). Interactions between irradiance, nitrogen nutrition and water stress in the sun-shade responses of Solatium dulcamara. Oecologia, 57, 316-21. 

Osmond, C.B., Smith, S.D., Ben, G.-Y. Sharkey, T.D. (1987). Stem photosynthesis in a desert ephemeral, Eriogonum inflatum characterization of leaf and stem CO2 fixation and HjO vapour exchange under controlled conditions. Oecologia, 72, 542-49. 

Osmond, C.B., Winter, K. Powles, S.B. (1979). Adaptive significance of CO cycling in leaves of plants with different photosynthetic pathways. In Stress Physiology, ed. N.C. Turner and P.J. Kramer. New York Academic Press. 

Terashima, I., Wong, S.D., Osmond, C.B. Farquhar, G.D. (1988). Characterisation of non-uniform photosynthesis induced by abscisic acid in leaves having different mesophyll anatomies. Plant Cell Physiology, 29 385-94. 

Lange, O., Nobel, P.S., Osmond, C.B. Ziegler, H. (1981). Physiological Plant Ecology II. Encyclopaedia of Plant Physiology, Vol. 12B, ed. A. Pirson and M.H. Zimmerman. Berlin Springer-Verlag. 

Behavior of Ra in groundwater. The general behavior of Ra has been examined under laboratory conditions and in various environments (see Osmond and Cowart 1992). A major goal of field studies of Ra isotopes have aimed at obtaining bulk, in situ values of adsorption rates and so the retardation factors. Note that Ba serves as a very close chemical analogue to Ra but is typically 10 times more abundant, and so its behavior is related to that of Ra. 

Osmond JK, Cowart JB (1992) Gronnd water. In Uranium-series disequilibrium. Ivanovich M, Harmon RS (eds) Clarendon Press Oxford, p290-334... 

Osmond JK, Cowart JB (2000) U-series nuchdes as tracers in groundwater hydrology. In Environmental tracers in subsurface hydrology. Cook P, Herczeg A (eds). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, p290-333... 

Osmond JK, Ivanovich M (1992) Uraninm series mobilization and surface hydrology. In Uranium-series disequihbrium. Ivanovich M, Harmon RS (eds) Clarendon Press, Oxford, p 259-289 Payne XE, Davis JA, Waite XD (1994) Uranium retention by weathered schists—the role of iron minerals. Radiochim Acta 66/67 297-303... 

Nearly all natural waters contain and in a state of disequilibrium (i.e., (234u/238u) 1) Generally > 1, and in some cases as high as 30 (Osmond... 

Figure 4. Osmond type II isochron plot for sub-samples from single growth layer in stalagmite SVC-98-3.B from Spring Valley Caverns Morale et al. 2003).

Osmond JK, Cowart JB (1982) Groimdwater In Uraniiun series disequilibrium Applications to enviromnental problems (1st edn). Ivanovich M, Harmon RS (eds) Calrendon Press, Oxford, p 202-245 Osmond JM, May JP, Tanner WF (1970) Age of the Cape Kennedy barrier-and-lagoon complex. J Geophys Res 75 469-479... 

When both ( " U/ U) and ( °Th/ U) activity ratios are studied, discussion and interpretation of the data are often presented as a plot of ( " U/ U) against ( °Th/ U) activity ratios (Thiel et al. 1983 Osmond and Ivanovich 1992) (Fig. 16). In such a diagram, instantaneous U gains and losses are represented by straight-line vectors and the radioactive decays by curved lines. Due to the relative decay constants of the nuclides, a... 

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