Organotin Halides with Alkali Metals

S.6.3. from Organotin Halides with Alkali Metals... 

II Reactions of organotin halides MenSnX -n with alkali metal derivatives ... 

Tin-nitrogen bonded compounds are generally formed by reaction of an alkali or alkaline earth metal amide with an organotin halide compoundsofthe types R Sn(NR2)4- , ( = 1-3), (R3Sn) NR (n = 1-3), andcyc/o-(R2SnNR0 ( = 2 or 3) can be prepared (equation 79). Other routes include transaminations (equations 80 and 81). Tin carboxamides and snlfonamides have been obtained by reaction of tin oxides or hydroxides with amides (equation 82). 

Organotin alkoxides and phenoxides can be prepared from the reaction of an alkali metal alkoxide or phenoxide with the appropriate organotin halide. Triorganotin alkoxides and phenoxides are available from the reaction of bis(triorganotin) oxides with alcohols or phenols or the corresponding carbonates, and the amides R Sn(NR"2)4 react with alcohols to give the corresponding alkoxides. 

Organopolystannanes result from reactions of alkali metals with organotin halides. These are often carried out in liquid ammonia. 

The structures of organotin amines and alkoxides are tetrahedral, as expected. Organotin alkoxides and phenoxides are prepared from reaction with alcohols and alkali metal alkoxides or phenoxides with the organotin halide. Most of the published reactions occur in the liquid phase. For instance, the dimethoxide is formed from reaction of dibutyltin dichloride in methanol at 0°C in 98% yield. ... 

Trimethyl tin sodium, prepared by cleavage of hexamethylditin with either Na metal or Na naphthalene in tetraglyme is used in mechanistic studies of organotin alkalis with organic halides... 

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